A class is an expanded concept of a data structure: instead of holding only data, it can hold both data and functions.
An object is an instantiation of a class. In terms of variables, a class would be the type, and an object would be the variable.
Classes are generally declared using the keyword class, with the following format:
class class_name { access_specifier_1: member1; access_specifier_2: member2; ... } object_names;
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